<div class="document"> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 1、项目功能介绍</h3> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">本设计实现了由两个单相逆变器组成的并联运行系统。该系统使用</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">U</span>CC21520<span style="font-family: 宋体;">驱动两路单相全桥拓扑，将两路直流电分别逆变为有效值为</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">24</span>V<span style="font-family: 宋体;">的交流电；使用</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">S</span>TM32<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">F</span>407<span style="font-family: 宋体;">芯片作为主控，根据运行模式灵活自主切换</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">P</span>I<span style="font-family: 宋体;">单环和双环，使逆变器在单路运行、并联运行和并网运行均可在一定范围内维持稳定；并联和并网模式下，通过</span>DQ<span style="font-family: 宋体;">变换完成锁相控制，满足并联条件和并网条件。本系统整体效率高</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">单路运行额定条件下效率可达</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">94%)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，输出电压波形</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">T</span>HD<span style="font-family: 宋体;">低</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">为</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">0.8%</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">左右</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，且软件具有过压、过流等保护，完成了题目大部分要求。</span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*2、项目属性</h3> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">该系统由两组逆变器和控制器输送交流电压，分为三种工作模式：单路运行时，逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">和控制器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">工作给负载供电；并联运行时，两组逆变器和控制器同时工作给负载供电，并网运行时，两组逆变器并联给电网输出功率。系统整体框图如图</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">3</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">所示。</span></p> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/FjpZqnmvxJCQ6QmoG7xqRWX5YfinOvF4GzeMblQa.png"></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">3、硬件部分</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p align="justify">一.驱动部分 </p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">逆变器主电路如图</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">所示，包括驱动电路和单相全桥逆变电路。</span></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">驱动选择</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">TI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">公司的</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">UCC21520</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">隔离式双通道栅极驱动器作为驱动芯片。</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">CB1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">为自举电容，下管导通时经二极管充电，下管关闭时自举，为上管提供足够的驱动电压。</span></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">控制器产生单极性倍频</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">SPWM</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">脉冲输入到</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">UCC21520</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">驱动芯片，</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">UCC21520</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">输出的</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">SPWM</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">驱动信号分别驱动逆变器的两个桥臂，经过</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">LC</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">滤波后将</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">48V</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">直流电压变换为有效值为</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">24V</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">的正弦交流电。</span></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">逆变电路的开关器件最大</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">VDS</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">应大于直流侧电压，为留有裕量，选用耐压为</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">85V</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">的</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">N</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">沟道</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">MOSFET</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">；开关器件并联的续流二极管反向耐压也应大于直流侧电压，选用耐压</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">100V</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">、低损耗的肖特基二极管</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">S</span>S<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">310</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">。</span></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/AHfgZRZt7uSm6Swm5kxqDuI3MTmBcOeVuCV9td6f.png"></span></p> <p align="justify"> </p> <p align="justify">二.测量部分</p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">交流电压采样电路</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">采用基于</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">TI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">公司的精密运算放大器</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">组成的电压跟随器。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">交流电流采样电路如图</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">所示，采用INA282</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">组成的交流电流采样电路，当REF1和REF2同时接地时，此时芯片输出脚电压Vout=I*R*50。当REF1于REF2任意一个引脚接地，一个引脚接VCC时，Vout=I*R*50+1/2*VCC。</span></p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/cbCpiPj2ZHYu4ZtnpWc9ko8DtovTMXo9t3QgiZ2h.png"></span></p> <p> </p> <p>三.辅助电源</p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">如图</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">9</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">为基于</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">TI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">公司的</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">TPS54360</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">的降压电路。通过调节分压比可得到所需</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">5V/12V</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">电压输出。根据数据手册选择</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">500kHz</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">的开关频率，从而选择定时电阻为</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">200K</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">。依据需求选择</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">33uH</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">的功率电感和肖特基二极管</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">SS54</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/dXb5UAUPP2Nvnc515invxmroWrr5Kl7Y1BDoMKpe.png"></span></p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">4、软件部分</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">根据运行模式分为三种控制方案：单路运行时，逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">和控制器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">工作给负载供电，采用电压闭环</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">PI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">调节，控制使输出电压有效值稳定在</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">24V</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">；并联运行时，两组逆变器和控制器同时工作给负载供电，逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">为主机，恒压输出，逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">为从机，恒流输出，控制器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">以逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">输出电压为参考，使逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">完成对逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">的锁相，逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">和逆变器</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">分别采用双闭环</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">PI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">调节和电流闭环</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">PI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">调节；并网运行时，两组逆变器均以电网电压为参考，快速完成对电网电压的锁相，同时采用电单闭环</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">PI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">调节，使电流稳定。</span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/z8kxxHvLkN7c4FSzVRh3lPY5eDAvCkPbIBZacf6K.png" width="72" height="253"></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">系统并联运行控制框图如图</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">4</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">所示。主模块采用输出电压外环、电感电流内环双环控制以保证输出电压的正弦度，提高系统的动态特性减小静态误差；从模块采用电流单环控制保证输出电流的稳定性。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">从模块采集主模块的输出电压通过二阶广义积分器产生两个正交信号，再经过</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">park</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">变换得到</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">vd</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">和</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">vq</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，其中</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Park</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">变换所需要的相位值为锁相环输出的相位值。将</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">vg</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">送入</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">PI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">调节器，</span></p> <p align="justify"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/jOvo1JR6RFp8WeoGICRKeosBUzckR9wKCdMD8jn0.png"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/fgoGkxZJ1pR1PAhW1UN7os1yLzw0m6P9QQIgu1E0.png"></span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*7、大赛LOGO验证</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: #95a5a6; font-size: 14px;">请上传包含大赛logo的项目图片，logo以丝印形式印刷在PCB上面。</span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: #95a5a6; font-size: 14px;">点击zip下载大赛logo标识！ <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://image.lceda.cn/easyedaResource/images/%E7%AB%8B%E5%88%9B%E7%94%B5%E8%B5%9B%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86.rar" target="_blank">（大赛标识）.zip</a></span></span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">8、演示您的项目并录制成视频上传</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/BDrFUlgjxBC0LZPWOqalaYOdwcFkVmhqZUzDueAh.jpeg"></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/eW2fD95ZJok4F9907DfNlwswbc7ifXbzktudoy9f.jpeg"></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">更多详情：<a href="/posts/15a52db9fd7d40c492eb505280278e45" target="_blank">https://diy.szlcsc.com/posts/15a52db9fd7d40c492eb505280278e45</a></span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> </div>