描述
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">注:* 为必填项</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><strong><span style="color: #0093e6;">请在报名阶段填写 ↓</span></strong></p>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 1、项目功能介绍</h3>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 多电压输出的充电宝,配各种电源头,可以作为各种笔记本的后备充电电源,带USB输出,可作大容量手机充电宝,用成熟的芯片方案,效率高,制作简单,不需要太多的测试,也不需要编程,因为输出功率有限,最高30W, 只能给笔记本充电,不能同时开机运行和充电。</p>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*2、项目属性</h3>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">项目属于个人制作,第一次发布,原创,属于按功能绘制电路。</p>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 3、开源协议</h3>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">完全开源,但不适合商用。此项目虽然制作方便,但作为商用有批量质量上的风险,只适合个人制作使用。</p>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><strong><span style="color: #0093e6;">请在竞赛阶段填写 ↓</span></strong></p>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*4、硬件部分</h3>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 电路分两部分,一部分是IP5358锂电池充电电路,并自带两个5V的USB输出,带一个micro USB充电口,带一个TYPE-C充电口,两个充电口根据充电器自适应充电电流,一般非PD的电源也有1A左右的充电电流,PD充电器则能提供高达5A充电电流,充电口上有一TVS管用来保护充电芯片不受9V-20V电压浪涌的冲击。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/jznwalw8XLpkNOXQuY0VLx0oD8QY0FT61NFzhaU2.jpeg" alt="" width="952" height="550"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 有三处能加NTC 温度检测电阻的地方,各个地方有不同的用处。这三处NTC电阻不用时,可以用100K欧普通电阻代替。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 下面的NTC电阻直接能控制9V-20V升压电路的输出,因为当大功率输出时,电池容易发热,所以此处的NTC电阻比较适合检测电池温度,PCB上留了两个焊盘用于NTC电阻连接线。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/jF6la7OHzZpVelwSs6DE4nBhEqa3e6VxSUvuOXG7.jpeg" alt="" width="348" height="228"></p>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 下面的NTC电阻用与检测板上芯片温度,当充电时充电芯片温度过高会关掉芯片。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/cD5gP14JQXXBkdQSeyq4kUCo7iImNuj10EBb78Bk.jpeg" alt="" width="258" height="172"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 上面的NTC电阻也留有焊盘,用于检测充电时电池温度,当温度过高会关掉充电芯片。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/hsiUUuIgr60Q4Q2RYP5vjVih4rvAQIszFO8UxWVL.jpeg" alt="" width="246" height="156"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 另一部分是以LM5155为主芯片的升压电路,将锂电池的4.2V升到9V至20V,这个是整个项目的重点,这种芯片非同步电路就能做到90%效率以上,输出电流也不低。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/elc43sEzi9LNrbiAH5OwTa622pSeGEj0VTPmLQxR.jpeg" alt="" width="1051" height="400"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 下面是电压选择电路,当开关拨到相应的档位,相应的指示灯会亮,也会输出相应的电压,有9V,12V,15V,18V,20V这几个电压。第一档是空挡,但也有4V的电压,这个电压不建议使用,为省电也可把该档位的指示灯不焊。为了方便电阻选择,电压反馈电阻选的是常用电阻,最后产生的电压跟标称相差0.5V,但不影响使用。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/Dyxx2YIHeOAIXwwCNmLi4JkhjDWelUug4AdrzsWw.jpeg" alt="" width="1051" height="552"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 因为要从4.2V升到20V,就在输入端需要很大的电流,如果输出1.5A,那么输入电流至少要1.5A*20/4.2=7.2A,除去电源效率,输入电压降低等因素,电流可能高达1.5A*20/3.4/0.9=9.8A。这里对升压电路的电感L1,输入输出电容要求较高,并不是简单的增加电感电容。目前此电路的设计输出功率为30W,特别是当输出电压在20V,电流升到1.5A以上时,电压会严重下降,电压纹波会变大到200mVpp。在原TI文档中提供的电路案例是6V升到24V2A,属于比较极限有借鉴意义的用法,当然此电路有提升的可能,由于是低压3.7V驱动,个人感觉提升的空间并不大,要更换更大的电感和更好的输入输出电容,感兴趣的人可以试下,另外在大电流路径上的线我都加了焊锡以增加线路能容纳的电流。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">下面是制作过程:</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 首先锂电池部分对安全的要求较高,要小心处理,否则电池报废,还有燃烧的危险。由于输出功率较大,而且输出电流高达10A,一般电池输出最多0.2C,比如10AH最大2A电流输出,所以必须选择动力锂电池作为输出,为了降低单个电池体的电流要求,采用两节电池并联,为什么不是电池串联,好处是省去了一系列的电池测量,均衡的过程,也不需要均衡电路,对充电电路的要求也低。电池容量也不能太小,否则提供不了足够的电流,电池容量也不能无休止的增加,因为充电电路识别的最大电池容量为25AH。那么单节电池选10AH到12AH比较适合。实际使用时,在电池上机之前一定要加焊电池保护板,电流为平常工作电流6A。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 下图显示相同容量的动力锂电池比常用锂电池大上一圈。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/6JO9004QCJunoga782BfLRIo2FqMx633SX1Jwpsh.jpeg" alt="" width="619" height="517"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 锂电池拿到手后一定要先焊保护板,是每块电池焊一个保护板,最后两个保护板并联。B+B-分别焊电池正负极,P+P-就是加了保护板后单个电池输出正负极,检查各个输出电压是否正常,最后两个电池P+和P+相联,P-和P-相联。再检查并联总输出电压是否正常。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/9mG0sbrXS3VvtWN79pdQoa9sBzIIq0L87FolZ6KB.jpeg" alt="" width="621" height="466"> 并联之前最好测下两个电池的输出特性,不要相差太多。方法如下,单个新电池用此电路板充放电二次后(非PD充电器充电很慢,10小时左右,放电用9V输出加载20欧水泥电阻),再选用此水泥功率电阻放电调整两个电池到同一电压,最好是3.9V-4.1V之间的某一电压,然后二次加载开始计量,各加载工作相同时间,两小时或三个小时,再测电池电压,如果两各电池电压相差太多,建议不要并联。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/SMkyIN8RIJIrG4qdAhKPD0gmaBfQxltgzoGeCuFe.jpeg" alt="" width="328" height="437"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"> 下面是板的侧面,指示灯,充电口,5VUSB输出口,电压调整开关,LED灯统一保持10mm的高度,其他插接件和电容也保持10mm高度。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/KzXf6WYmcYVEnn5ERuBElREqQdFodpnlqUj6y5QS.jpeg" alt="" width="1040" height="780"></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;">板的背面<img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/SxGjNN4CWVFeMNOu4zSwFaiUvZ2mbwpZ5oVwA5L9.jpeg" alt="" width="1040" height="780"> 板正面,上面两个焊点加焊电池正负输出,另两个焊点接9V-20V输出电源口,两个绿色电阻是NTC电阻,能拉长测电池。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/EP9KopebfwC3Vm0TXoToNWCzXMaig353cDqEHclq.jpeg" alt="" width="1040" height="780"> 外壳面板,最后总装电池电路板到电源盒,我建议用PCB板或铝基板代替前面板,省去打孔的步骤,还能打印丝印。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/BcruCndC21fuqcvX71anjOK22T7GjZWltE99xOO9.jpeg" alt="" width="1040" height="780"> 面板后面,当然电池和电池盒不一定选哪一种,只要是这种样式就行,面板比电路板(95X35)大就行,在电池盒深度上大概留15mm的余量给电池和面板之间的空间,电池要作好绝缘,防止误碰产生的短路。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/7tcGnJZIR5rOoAZRTNGpDpxwFYD767kDbnaTukqe.jpeg" alt="" width="1040" height="780"> 最后装上就这个效果,实际壳比电池大1/4。外加转接就能接各种接口的电脑。</p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/pwmtf3ZKNj6nU7kye01pDU5RmjJiNttRHXcYIB5w.jpeg" alt="" width="735" height="980"></p>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*5、软件部分</h3>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*6、BOM清单</h3>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/ZQDiRRFk5ZS4Jv3V5MPMfQWwPDYqa5UWKjuK6TZZ.jpeg" alt="" width="1280" height="760"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/qndyfZ1H8LGDEvfpu4ae6twRlC0WwQBEe1XilJIW.jpeg" alt="" width="1280" height="760"></p>
<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*7、大赛LOGO验证</h3>
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<p style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/3RdSHIfUOujofEMLqcwRtD1x03bywRKUWa9BzU0U.jpeg" alt="" width="1040" height="780"></p>
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<h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 8、演示您的项目并录制成视频上传</h3>
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<p style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: #95a5a6; font-size: 14px;">立创电赛:{项目名称}-{视频模块名称};如立创电赛:《自动驾驶》-团队介绍</span></p>
<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">{第六届立创电赛}{多用途简约笔记本充电宝}-tttqqq</p>
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<p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">更多详情:<a href="/posts/06c94d90c2c447dfbd9ed7339ff4a5b1" target="_blank">https://diy.szlcsc.com/posts/06c94d90c2c447dfbd9ed7339ff4a5b1</a></span></p>
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