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TPA3116
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#第六届立创电赛#TPA3116 50W蓝牙迷你数字功放

创建时间:3年前

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描述

<div class="document"> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">注:* 为必填项</p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><strong><span style="color: #0093e6;">请在报名阶段填写 ↓</span></strong></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 1、项目功能介绍</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <div> <p align="left"><strong>一、项目详情</strong></p> </div> <p>一般音频放大器有模拟功率放大器和数字功率放大器,模拟功率放大器输出管工作在放大区,发热量大,调试困难,而数字功率放大器输出管工作在开关区,发热量小很多,很容易制作成大功率的音频功率放大器。本次项目设计使用的<span>TPA311x</span>系列芯片,就是数字功率放大器芯片,其中<span>TPA3116</span>可以输出双声道<span>50W@4</span>Ω负载,<span>TPA3118</span>芯片可以输出双声道<span>25W@8</span>Ω负载。</p> <p align="left">本设计基于<span>TPA3116</span>芯片,外加蓝牙接收模块,和音频输入的<span>AUX</span>接口,可以切换手机蓝牙播放或者<span>AUX</span>外接其他解码器播放音乐,适应不同的场景,使用<span>12-24V</span>供电,输出功率双声道<span>50</span>瓦<span>@4</span>欧姆负载,具有防开关机<span>“</span>噗噗<span>”</span>音电路,完善的过压,过热保护。</p> <p align="left"> </p> <p align="left"><strong>需要注意的问题:</strong></p> <p align="left">由于时间紧迫第一版电路有点问题,<span>MUTE</span>控制和防关机<span> “</span>噗噗<span>”</span>音模块通过飞线处理了。<strong>所有修改已经更新到工程文件,</strong><strong><span>EDA</span></strong><strong>工程原理图和</strong><strong><span>PCB</span></strong><strong>可以直接使用。</strong></p> <p align="left"> </p> <div> <p align="left"><strong>二、项目所面临的挑战及所解决的问题</strong></p> </div> <p align="left">基于<span>TPA3116</span>芯片的数字功率放大器很常见,市面上也有很多成品在出售。仔细对比发现这些方案或者成品有好有坏,有的只是官方原理图制作,缺少新意,有点成品走线布局差,有底噪,有开关机<span>“</span>噗噗<span>”</span>音,大家对<span>TPA3116</span>褒贬不一。基于此,本项目将主要解决以下问题</p> <ol> <li>开关机<span>“</span>噗噗<span>”</span>音问题:开机<span>“</span>噗噗<span>”</span>音有现成的电路解决,但是关机<span>“</span>噗噗<span>”</span>音没解决</li> <li>功能简单问题:普通成品只有音频功放功能,本次设计加入蓝牙连接功能</li> <li>底噪问题:一般通过功率地和模拟地隔离来解决</li> <li>制作困难问题:使用数字功放芯片,减少外围元件,减少调试环节,提高制作成功率。</li> </ol> <div> <p align="left"> </p> <p align="left"> </p> </div> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*2、项目属性</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">TPA3116设计的数字功放,体积小巧,高保真音响</span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 3、开源协议</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">GPL3.0</span></p> <p style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><strong><span style="color: #0093e6;">请在竞赛阶段填写 ↓</span></strong></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*4、硬件部分</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <div> <p align="left"><strong>核心原理</strong></p> </div> <p align="left">数字功放和<span>DC</span>-<span>DC</span>开关型逆变电路类似。输入的音频模拟信号经过<span><a href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/PWM%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF/10697454" target="_blank">PWM电路</a></span>调制处理后,形成占空比同输入信号成一定比例的脉冲链,经过开关电路放大后,由<span><a href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%BD%8E%E9%80%9A%E6%BB%A4%E6%B3%A2%E5%99%A8/3701191" target="_blank">低通滤波器</a></span>滤除高频成分,还原出已放大的输入信号波形,由扬声器放音。典型的<span>D</span>类数字放大器电路,采用场效应管<span>H</span>桥式输出。而场效应管<span>H</span>桥式电路输出的高频脉冲波是不便直接驱动扬声器发声的。为了重现放大的音频信号,输出波形必须恢复到原来的正弦波。由于音频的频带范围为<span>20Hz</span>~<span>20000Hz</span>,而载波频率通常是它的<span>5</span>倍以上,因此,滤除载波频率的过程相当简单,就是在扬声器前面接一个截止频率约为<span>25kHz</span>左右的<span>LC</span>低通<span><a href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%BB%A4%E6%B3%A2%E5%99%A8" target="_blank">滤波器</a></span>。</p> <p align="left"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/hATrqdaC8tBJlKvmT9g2wHFOXmitCFNjVfdHEFHk.png"></p> <p align="left">本设计使用数字功放芯片<span>TPA3116</span>,功放部分电路:</p> <p align="left"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/3euVp4vcS8giIq7rSw8Kxmgm11ZtMVLKBfwfi0C3.png"></p> <p align="left"> </p> <p align="left"><strong>防开机“噗噗”音电路</strong></p> <p><span>TPA3116</span>防开机“噗噗”音的功能,是通过<span>MUTE</span>引脚上的电容<span>C37</span>来实现的。<span>MUTE</span>引脚是静音控制引脚,高电平有效。<span>C37</span>上端通过两个电阻<span>R1</span>和<span>R17</span>(串联共<span>151K</span>)接到输入电压<span>VCC</span>,下端接到<span>MUTE</span>引脚,同时经过<span>R5</span>(<span>510K</span>)电阻接<span>GND</span>。<span>VCC</span>刚上电的时候,电容<span>C37</span>两端电压是<span>0</span>,初始为短路状态,<span>VCC</span>经过<span>R1</span>、<span>R17</span>和<span>R5</span>分压,<span>R5</span>上得到高电平给<span>MUTE</span>引脚,使<span>TPA3116</span>处于静音状态。随着<span>C37</span>慢慢充电,其两端电压慢慢增大,最后<span>C37</span>两端电压达到<span>VCC</span>电压,此时<span>MUTE</span>引脚由<span>R5</span>下拉到<span>GND</span>,<span>TPA3116</span>退出静音状态,进入正常功率放大状态,此时就可以正常播放音乐了。</p> <p align="center"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/rKOQHZzrm4V2m4GnXeYYKpEI0e7X6EaoyYPaeYMa.png"></p> <p align="center"> </p> <p align="left"><strong>防关机“噗噗”音电路</strong></p> <p align="left">刚开始的原理图没加这部分电路,关机会有“噗噗”音,体验很不好,首创出这种防关机“噗噗”音电路,电路自动实现,不需要开关动作控制,具有很强的通用性。防关机“噗噗”音的功能,是通过关机延时控制电路控制<span>MUTE</span>引脚电平来实现的。下面分析一下电路的工作过程:<span>VCC</span>通电后,<span>VCC</span>通过<span>D3</span>给电容<span>C6</span>充电,很快将<span>C6</span>充到接近<span>VCC</span>电压,此时三极管<span>Q1</span>的基极电压约等于发射极电压,三极管<span>Q1</span>截止,此时电路不影响防开机 “噗噗”音的功能。当断电后<span>VCC</span>电压下降,<span>VCC</span>将<span>Q1</span>基极电压拉低,此时<span>C6</span>上的电压高于<span>VCC</span>电压, 所以<span>Q1</span>导通,<span>D5</span>也导通,<span>C6</span>上的电压直接加在<span>MUTE</span>引脚,使<span>MUTE</span>保持高电平而保持静音状态。由于<span>C6</span>是通过<span>R18(100K)</span>和<span>R5</span>(<span>510K</span>)电阻放电,放电时间很长,在<span>VCC</span>降到<span>0</span>之前都能保持<span>MUTE</span>引脚是高电平,以此达到防关机“噗噗”音的功能。该电路只要<span>VCC</span>掉电就能自动控制,适用于各种电源直接给<span>TPA3116</span>供电的情况,而不需要单独的<span>VCC</span>控制开关。</p> <p align="center"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/OvNjwFSaZ6VIMi4GIISgu4uAqNZlqYyI15TH90lK.png"></p> <p>这个是调试时候焊的防关机“噗噗”音电路:</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/JbZS7DTMJc2L4AsA8ZHVD2CKXFO0kOzlnMAVSPgM.png"></p> <p style="text-align: center;"> </p> <p>装在这里:</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/xYys99FXNwQZChKAtAbswbi2ZIn1OGMllU1WXihU.png"></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p align="left"><strong>功率地、模拟地</strong></p> <p align="left">数字功放电路模拟信号输入和功率输出都是共地的,如果将模拟输入和功率输出地直接共用一块覆铜连接,有可能导致放大器有底噪。一般的,功率输出部分都是高频高电流的开关信号,在同一块覆铜上会产生压降,耦合到模拟输入部分,导致底噪的产生。所以一般设计有必要进行功率地和模拟地分离,将底噪降至最低。</p> <p align="left">原理图上<span>AGND</span>是模拟输入和运放放大的模拟地,<span>GND</span>是<span>TPA3116</span>芯片的功率地,两者通过磁珠隔离连接到一起。</p> <p align="center"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/AHecLyDWlGd1pE0rnQmUJbZCHCBu6iPFQreDLydS.png"></p> <p align="left"><span>TPA3116</span>芯片并没有专门的模拟地和功率地引脚,只有一个<span>GND</span>,在<span>PCB</span>上还是把靠近输入的第<span>9</span>脚连到<span>AGND</span>,靠近输出一侧的都连到<span>GND</span>,<span>AGND</span>和<span>GND</span>分开覆铜。一般<span>AGND</span>和<span>GND</span>连接点的位置是离电源输入负极最近的电解电容负极,这个电容负极是模拟信号和功率信号汇聚点,隔离磁珠<span>L7,L8</span>要靠近这个汇聚点放置。</p> <p style="text-align: center;" align="left"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/NPsE1bGmlY5sjfzyWiSW44vLpvr6Gw7VFSIfgAuQ.png"></p> <div> <p align="left"><strong>四、项目实物展示</strong></p> </div> <p style="text-align: center;" align="left"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/0Wsq7Bau5Z3ql6xWajcL9htmGqJO8JFFdBkb1P9Y.png"></p> <p style="text-align: left;" align="left"> </p> <p style="text-align: left;" align="left"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/vmEW3bfMMJX51WgrUQKLRZNTrOnnrLv3Twb2Sqnu.png"></p> <p style="text-align: left;" align="left"> </p> <p style="text-align: left;" align="left"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/bRZKrnJmbjicbutQTq5ltoKv6Npv1eCLsX6yTLTx.png"></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt pap-left-indent-1.6em" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*6、BOM清单</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="color: #95a5a6; font-size: 14px;">注:项目涉及的BOM清单。这个位置请上传BOM的截图。清单详情请以PDF的格式上传到附件中。建议包括型号、品牌、名称、封装、采购渠道、用途等内容。具体内容和形式应以表达清楚项目构成为准。</span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">*7、大赛LOGO验证</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><img src="//image.lceda.cn/pullimage/FSuHL5V2g5GeO5KpoJVi5YS6APFHoVnLaIYHMwKi.png"></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <h3 class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;">* 8、演示您的项目并录制成视频上传</h3> <hr class="horizontal-splitline normal-bold-2"> <p style="line-height: 1.8;"><a title="TPA3116迷你桌面功放" href="https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTE5MDg1NjcxNg==.html" target="_blank">TPA3116迷你桌面功放</a></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">更多详情:<a href="/posts/06c94d90c2c447dfbd9ed7339ff4a5b1" target="_blank">https://diy.szlcsc.com/posts/06c94d90c2c447dfbd9ed7339ff4a5b1</a></span></p> <p class="paragraph text-align-type-left pap-line-1.3 pap-line-rule-auto pap-spacing-before-3pt pap-spacing-after-3pt" style="line-height: 1.8;"> </p> </div>

文档

SCH_TPA311x迷你桌面小功放

PCB_TPA311x迷你桌面小功放

BOM

ID Name Designator Footprint Quantity Manufacturer Part Manufacturer Supplier Supplier Part
1 PJ-313D_C319112 AUDIO1 AUDIO-TH_PJ-3135-B 1
2 1uF C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C30,C31,C37 C0805 8
3 47uF C6,C22,C23,C26,C27 CAP-TH_BD6.3-P2.50-D1.0-FD 5
4 100nF C7,C10,C11,C24,C25,C28,C34,C35,C36 C0805 9
5 1nF C8,C9 C0805 2
6 680nF C12,C33,C42,C43 100NF 4
7 820uF C13,C32 CAP-16*22 2
8 220nF C14,C15,C16,C17 C0805 4
9 680pF C19,C21 C0805 2
10 1uF C29 C0805 1
11 1nF C38,C39,C40,C41 C0805 4
12 1 CR1,CR3,CR5 测试焊盘 3
13 0 CR2,CR4,CR6 测试焊盘 3
14 SS34_C408258 D2 SOD-123W_L2.9-W2.1-LS4.4-RD 1
15 1N4007W D3,D4,D5 SOD-123_L2.8-W1.8-LS3.7-RD 3
16 DC-005A-20A DC1 DC-IN-TH_DC-005A-20A 1
17 G6K-2F-Y-DC5 K1 RELAY-SMD_G6K-2F-X-XX 1
18 22uH L1,L2,L3,L4 IND-SMD_L10.7-W10.0 4
19 600uH FB L5,L6,L7,L8 L0805 4
20 FC-2012YOXK(5)-600H08 LED1,LED2 LED0805-RD 2
21 DG127-5.08-02P-14-02A(H) LOUT,ROUT CONN-TH_DG127-5.08-02P-14-02A 2
22 2N3906(SOT-23) Q1 SOT-23-3_L2.9-W1.6-P1.90-LS2.8-TR-CW 1
23 100K R1,R3,R18 R0805 3
24 510K R2,R5 R0805 2
25 20K R4,R13,R16 R0805 3
26 3.3K R7 R0805 1
27 100 R8 R0603 1
28 10K R9,R10 R0805 2
29 10K R11,R12,R14,R15 R0805 4
30 51K R17 R0805 1
31 ST-0-103-C03-N003-RS SW1 SW-TH_ST-0-103-C03-N003-RS 1
32 XKB5858-Z-C SW2 SW-TH_XKB5858-Z-C 1
33 TPA3116D2DAD U1 HTSSOP-32_L11.0-W6.1-P0.65-LS8.1-BL 1
34 MCP6021T-E/OT U2,U4,U5,U6 SOT-23-5_L3.0-W1.7-P0.95-LS2.8-BR 4
35 7805CD2 U3 TO-263-3_L10.2-W9.2-P5.08-LS15.4-BR 1
36 JDY-62A U7 HDR-TH_6P-P2.54-V-M 1
37 电位器 R6 双联电位器 1

附件

附件名 下载
TPA3116迷你桌面功放PCB 2021-08-06.pdf
TPA3116迷你桌面功放SCH 2021-08-06.pdf

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<p>大赛LOGO验证需要上传第六届电赛的logo哟!可前往QQ群>群文件下载:<span class="colour" style="color: rgb(60, 46, 35);"><u>1051569414 </u></span></p>
立创电赛 回复
<p>加油更新文档哟,完成后可申请价值58元PWLINK调试器,先到先得。<a href="https://diy.szlcsc.com/posts/35d08431c7ae49b6b9ea5698eb70ecba" target="_blank">https://diy.szlcsc.com/posts/35d08431c7ae49b6b9ea5698eb70ecba</a></p>
xiao5333 回复
<p>能请教下原理图中跨接输出正负极C19/C21电容的作用吗?</p>
studysun 回复
<p>功能是否可以增加收音机呢</p>
Zoymin 回复
<p>@studysun可以,建议直接加一块AC6905C的多功能蓝牙板子</p>
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